PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH JERAMI, SEKAM, DAN URINE SAPI SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI
Abstract
Rice cultivation activities can produce organic waste such as straw and husks which can be processed into solid organic fertilizer and liquid smoke. In addition to agricultural waste, organic material from livestock waste can also be used as organic fertilizer, one of which is cow urine which can be processed into cow biourine. This research aimed to determine the effect of organic fertilizer from straw, husk and cow biourine on the growth and production of rice. The research used factorial randomized block design (RAKF) with 2 factors. The first factor is solid organic fertilizer which consists of treatment without solid organic fertilizer, straw ash, and rice husk biochar. The second factor is liquid organic fertilizer which consists of treatment without liquid fertilizer, cow biourine, and husk liquid smoke. The observed parameters were plant height, number of tillers, leaf chlorophyll content, number of panicles, weight of 1000 seeds, and weight of grain per hectare. The results showed that there was an interaction between solid organic fertilizer (rice husk biochar and straw ash) and liquid organic fertilizer (husk liquid smoke and cow biourine) in increasing plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles, and yields. Separate treatment of solid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer affected the leaf chlorophyll content of rice plants. The application of rice husk biochar and cow biourine fertilizer resulted in the highest plant height, number of tillers, and number of panicles. In rice yields, the highest yields were found in rice husk biochar combined with cow biourine and husk biochar combined with husk liquid smoke.
Downloads
References
Ariyani, D., Rasy, M., & Harlianto, D. U. Y. A. (2015). Studi kajian kandungan senyawa pada asap cair dari sekam padi. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia FMIPA Universitas Negeri Surabaya, ISBN: 978-602-0951-05-8.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2020). Luas Panen dan Produksi Padi di Indonesia 2020. https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2021/07/12/b21ea2ed9524b784187be1ed/luas-panen-dan-produksi-padi-di-indonesia-2020.html. (Diakses 19 Agustus 2022).
Darwis, V., & Rachman, B. (2013). Potensi pengembangan pupuk organik insitu mendukung percepatan penerapan pertanian organik.
Dewi, R. P. (2020). Kajian Potensi Sekam Padi Sebagai Energi Alternatif Pendukung Ketahanan Energi Di Wilayah Magelang. SENASTER" Seminar Nasional Riset Teknologi Terapan", 1(1).
Dharmayanti, N. K. S., Supadma, A. A. N., & Arthagama, I. D. M. (2013). Pengaruh pemberian biourine dan dosis pupuk anorganik (N, P, K) terhadap beberapa sifat kimia tanah Pegok dan hasil tanaman bayam (Amaranthus sp.). E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology).
Duaja, W. (2012). Pengaruh pupuk urea, pupuk organik padat dan cair kotoran ayam terhadap sifat tanah, pertumbuhan dan hasil selada keriting di tanah inceptisol (The Effect of Urea, Solid and Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Chicken Manure to Soil Properties and The Yield of. Bioplantae, 1(4).
Dume, B., Mosissa, T., & Nebiyu, A. (2016). Effect of biochar on soil properties and lead (Pb) availability in a military camp in South West Ethiopia. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 10(3), 77–85.
Gani, A. (2013). Bagan Warna Daun (BWD). Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi.
Gea, K. (2022). Pemanfaatan biochar sekam dan jerami padi untuk meningkatkan hasil padi gogo (Oryza sativa L.) pada medium ultisol. JURNAL SAPTA AGRICA, 1(1), 45–67.
Harahap, F. S., & Walida, H. (2019). Pemberian abu sekam padi dan jerami padi untuk pertumbuhan serta serapan tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays L.) pada tanah Ultisol di Kecamatan Rantau Selatan. Jurnal Agroplasma, 6(2), 12–18.
Herfyany, E., & Linda, M. R. (2013). Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) pada Media Tanah Gambut yang Diberi Abu Jerami Padi dan Pupuk Kandang Sapi. Jurnal Protobiont, 2(2).
Herman, W., & Resigia, E. (2018). Pemanfaatan biochar sekam dan kompos jerami padi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi (Oryza sativa) pada tanah ordo Ultisol. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 15(1), 42–50.
Hidayati, N., Rosawanti, P., & Karyani, N. (2019). Perlakuan Trichoderma koningii dan Biourine terhadap Pengendalian Penyakit Moler (Fusarium oxysporum), Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) di Tanah Mineral. Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan, 12(1), 83–92.
Iskandar, T., & Fitri, A. C. K. (2018). Asap Cair dan Biochar hasil Proses Pyrolisis Sekam Padi dan Biomassa lainnya sebagai Income Generating Unit di Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi. JAST: Jurnal Aplikasi Sains Dan Teknologi, 2(2), 81–87.
Ismail, M. S., & Waliuddin, A. M. (1996). Effect of rice husk ash on high strength concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 10(7), 521–526.
Istiqomah, I., Wahyudin, A., & Anam, C. (2021). Pengaruh olahan organik jerami dan jarak tanam sistem jajar legowo terhadap produksi tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.). AGRORADIX: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 4(2), 36–41.
Kim, D. H., Seo, H. E., Lee, S., & Lee, K. (2008). Effects of wood vinegar mixted with insecticides on the mortalities of Nilaparvata lugens and Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Animal Cells and Systems, 12(1), 47–52.
La Tima, S. (2016). Pemanfaatan asap cair kulit biji mete sebagai pestisida. Journal of Chemical Process Engineering, 1(2).
Marvelia, A., Darmanti, S., & Parman, S. (2006). Produksi tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays L. Saccharata) yang diperlakukan dengan kompos kascing dengan dosis yang berbeda. Anatomi Fisiologi, 14(2), 7–18.
Mawardiana, M., Sufardi, S., & Husen, E. (2013). Pengaruh residu biochar dan pemupukan NPK terhadap dinamika nitrogen, sifat kimia tanah dan hasil tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) musim tanam ketiga. Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Lahan, 2(3), 255–260.
Nurfatimah, N., Patadungan, Y. S., & Hasanah, U. (2019). Pengaruh Biourine Sapi terhadap Serapan Kalium dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) pada Entisols Sidera. AGROTEKBIS: E-JURNAL ILMU PERTANIAN, 7(5), 566–575.
Nurida, N., Rachman, A., & Sutono. (2015). Biochar Pembenah Tanah yang Potensial. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. https://balittanah.litbang.pertanian.go.id/ind/dokumentasi/lainnya/Buku Biochar.pdf
Pane, M. A., Damanik, M. M. B., & Sitorus, B. (2014). Pemberian bahan organik kompos jerami padi dan abu sekam padi dalam memperbaiki sifat kimian tanah ultisol serta pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2(4), 101546.
Rhofita, E. I. (2016). Kajian pemanfaatan limbah jerami padi di bagian hulu. Jurnal Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan, 1(2), 74–79.
Sajuri, S., & Darjanto, D. (2017). Tumpangsari padi-rumput dan aplikasi asap cair tempurung kelapa terhadap pertumbuhan, fisiologi dan hasil padi gogo. Pena Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Dan Teknologi, 31(2), 37–50.
Sari, N. M., Mahdie, M. F., & Segah, R. (2015). Rendemen arang sekam dan kualitas asap cair sekam padi. Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 3(3), 260–266.
Steel, R. G. D., & Torrie, J. H. (1991). Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika: Suatu Pendekatan Biometrik. Terjemahan: B. Sumantri. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
Sihombing, T. I. O. K., & Trisyono, I. Y. A. (2015). Keefektifan asap cair tempurung kelapa untuk pengendalian hama padi sawah. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Tania, N., & Budi, S. (2012). Penegaruh pemberian pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung semi pada tanah podsolik merah kuning. Jurnal Sains Mahasiswa Pertanian, 1(1).
Yurnavira, I. (2015). Pengaruh jenis pupuk organic dan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi (Oryza sativa L.) sawah pada sistem konvensional. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tamansiswa Padang.
Copyright (c) 2022 VIABEL: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s).
- The author grants the journal, right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License