PERAN REFUGIA SEBAGAI MEDIA KONSERVASI ARTHROPODA DI LAHAN PADI DESA DELIKSUMBER
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Keywords: Conservation, Insects, Pest, Refugia, Rice.
Abstract
Rice is basic neet for Indonesia people. East Java experienced decrease rice production 2% in 2014, the problem was insect pest. Insecticides are dangerous that replaced use refugia attracting biological agens. Purpose of the research to discover the role of refugia as conservation medium in suppressing pets attacks and increasing the diversity arthropod populations in rice fields. This study uses a direct insect sampling method and uses traps such as sweep nets, yellow traps, pitfall traps and light traps. Identification of insects using an introduction to the study insect and iNaturalist. Analysis of the observational data quantitatively by calculating the species diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), Richness index (R) and dominance index (C) then tabulated using excel. observations indicate the number of insects found on land A (rice with refugia) was 5661 individuals consisting of 12 ordo, 61 family and 94 species. Meanwhile on land B (rice without refugia) was 3,198 individuals consisting of 11 ordo, 43 family and 56 species. Refugia affected the population of biological agens more on land A was 2707 individuals than on land B was 1215 individuals. While the pest population on land A much less as 364 individuals than on land B as 763 individuals. Tabulation from the calculation of the species diversity index as 0.142 and 0.118, the species evenness index as 0.030 and 0.025, the dominance index of 0.0004 and 0.0013 is classified as low, while the species richness index of 10.76 and 6.82 is classified as high.
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References
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Soemadi dan A, Mutholib. (2003). Pakan Burung: . Jakarta : Penebar Swadaya.
Sudarmaji, et al.(2003). Farmer perceptions and Practices In Rat Management in West Java, Indonesia. Rat, mice and people: Rodent Biology and Management. ACIAR, Canberra.
Suheriyanto, D. (2008). Ekologi Serangga. Universitas Islam Negeri malang: Press Malang.
Tjahjadi N. (2008). Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Watanabe T and Kitagawa. (2000). Photosynthesis and Translocation Of Assimilates In Rice Plants Following Phloem Feeding By The Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera : Delphacidae). Economic Entomology, 93, 1192-1198.
Wolff, J. (2003). Density Dependence And The Socioecology Of Space Use In Rodent. Rat, Mice and People (Rodent biology and management. ed.). (C. K. In G.R. Singleton L.A. Hinds, Ed.) ACIAR Monogr. http://projects.nri.org/ecorat/docs/MN96Chapter1.pdf. Diunduh: 29 Maret 2021.
Wuriyanto, W. (2015). Pengaruh Habitat Termodifikasi Perimeter Trap Crop Menggunakan Insectary Plant pada Lahan Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L), terhadap Komunitas Arthropoda Musuh Alam.Thesis. surabaya: Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam .
Zhang et al. (2013). Arthropoda Biodiversity and Community Structures Of Organic Rice Ecosystems In Guangdong Province. China. Florida Entomologist, 96(1), 1–9.
Baco, D. (2011). Pengendalian Tikus pada Tanaman Padi Melalui Pendekatan Ekologi. Jurnal Pengembangan Inovasi pertanian, 4(1), 47-62. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sulawesi Selatan. file:///D:/SEMPRO/padi%20jajar%20legowo/tikus/1.pdf. Diunduh: 29 Maret 2021.
Borror D J, T. C. (2005). Pengenalan Pelajaran Serangga (Edisi ke-6 ed.). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Effendi, B. S. (1986). Dinamika populasi wereng coklat Nilaparvata lugens Stal. Wereng Coklat, (Edisi Khusus (1) ed.).
Effendi, B. S. (2009 ). Strategi Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Tanaman Padi Dalam Perspektif Praktek Pertanian yang Baik (Good Agricultural Practice). Pengembangan Inovasi Pertanian, 2(1), pp. 65-78. http://docplayer.info/32134642-Strategi-pengendalian-hama-terpadu-tanaman-padi-dalam-perspektif-praktek-pertanian-yang-baik-good-agricultural-practices-1.html. Diunduh: 29 Maret 2021.
Grist, D H. (1959). Rice (3rd ed.). Great Britain: Western Printing Services Ltd.
Holland, W. J. (2012). A Popular Guide To A Knowledge of The Butterflies of North America. http://www.guterberg.org. Diunduh: 27 Maret 2021.
Indarto, N. dan S. Partoatmodjo. (1974 ). Pemberantasan Walang Sangit, Kepinding tanah dan Kepik Nezara dengan Insektisida (Mimeograph). Lokakarya NRRP.
Irawan. (2015). Statistika Padi Tahun 2015 (katalog). Klaten: Badan Pusat Statistika. https://klatenkab.bps.go.id/publication/2016/11/30/c02de5df2e0a234cd69aa40a/statistik-produksi-padi-kabupaten-klaten-2015.html. Diunduh: 08 Agustus 2020.
Jankielsohn, A. (n.d.). The Importance of Insects in Agricultural Ecosystems. Advances in Entomology, 6, 62-73. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4236/ae.2018.62006. Diunduh: 08 Agustus 2020.
Kalshoven, L. (1981). ) Pest of Crops in Indonesia. 791p. Jakarta: Ichtiar Baru-van Hoeve.
Kartohardjono Arifin, et al. (2009). Hama Padi Potensial Dan Pengendaliannya (Vol. (16) 405-440). Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. http://www.litbang.pertanian.go.id/special/padi/bbpadi_2009_itp_16.pdf. Diunduh: 13 November 2020.
Khodijah K, et al. (2012). Artropoda Predator Penghuni Ekosistem Persawahan Lebak dan Pasang Surut Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal. 1(1): 57–63.
Khoirun N. (2015). Motivasi Petani Dalam Menanam Komoditas Pada Daerah Lumbung Padi Di Kabupaten Gresik . Jurnal Swara Bhumi, 3 (3). https://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/swarabhumi/article/view/12895. Diunduh: 13 Maret 2021.
Krebs, C. (1989). Ecology: The Experimental Analysis of Distribution and Abundance (Third Edition (776p, ed). New York: Harper and Row Publishers.
Mudjiono, G. (1998). Hubungan Timbal Balik Serangga dan Tumbuhan. Malang : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya Malang.
Nurarity A. (2014). Pegendalian Hayati dan Konservasi Musuh Alami. Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar. http://digilib.unhas.ac.id/upl. Diunduh: 28 Agustus 2020.
Nurbaeti Bebet, et al.(2010). Hama Wereng Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) dan Pengendaliannya. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jawa Barat. http://digilib.unhas.ac.id/upl. Diunduh: 28 Agustus 2020.
Nurul Dwiwiyati, et al. (2019). Pemanfaatan Berbagai Tanaman Berbunga Sebagai Pengendali Hama Alami Pada Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum Annum L.). Journal of Community Empowering a Services, 3(1), 1-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.20961/prima.v3i1.36106. Diunduh: 08 Oktober 2020.
Odum, E. (1993). Dasar-Dasar Ekologi. Yogyakarta: UGM Press.
Pracaya. (2003). Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman. Jakarta: PT. Penebar Swadaya.
Santosa Y, et al. (2017). Perbandingan Keanekaragaman Kupu-Kupu antara Tipe Tutupan Lahan Hutan Dengan Kebun Sawit. Prosedium Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, 3(1), p. 106. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314164874_Perbandingan_keanekaragaman_kupukupu_antara_tipe_tutupan_lahan_hutan_dengan_kebun_sawit. Diunduh 13 Maret 2021.
Silva FL, R. S. (2008). Functional feeding habits of Chironomidae larvae (Insecta, Diptera) in a lotic system from Midwestern region of São Paulo State. Pan American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 3 (2), 135-141. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242185441_Functional_feeding_habits_of_Chironomidae_larvae_Insecta_Diptera_in_a_lotic_system_from_Midwestern_region_of_Sao_Paulo_State_Brazil. Diunduh: 27 Maret 2021.
Sirappa, M. (2011). Kajian Perbaikan Teknologi Budidaya Padi Melalui Penggunaan Varietas Unggul Dan Sistem Tanam Jajar Legowo Dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Padi Mendukung Swasembada Pangan. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian, 7(2), 79-86. https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:e2VwxDovt8AJ:https://ejournal.unpatti.ac.id/ppr_iteminfo_lnk.php%3Fid%3D36+&cd=1&hl=id&ct=clnk&gl=id. Diunduh: 27 maret 2021.
Soemadi dan A, Mutholib. (2003). Pakan Burung: . Jakarta : Penebar Swadaya.
Sudarmaji, et al.(2003). Farmer perceptions and Practices In Rat Management in West Java, Indonesia. Rat, mice and people: Rodent Biology and Management. ACIAR, Canberra.
Suheriyanto, D. (2008). Ekologi Serangga. Universitas Islam Negeri malang: Press Malang.
Tjahjadi N. (2008). Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Watanabe T and Kitagawa. (2000). Photosynthesis and Translocation Of Assimilates In Rice Plants Following Phloem Feeding By The Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera : Delphacidae). Economic Entomology, 93, 1192-1198.
Wolff, J. (2003). Density Dependence And The Socioecology Of Space Use In Rodent. Rat, Mice and People (Rodent biology and management. ed.). (C. K. In G.R. Singleton L.A. Hinds, Ed.) ACIAR Monogr. http://projects.nri.org/ecorat/docs/MN96Chapter1.pdf. Diunduh: 29 Maret 2021.
Wuriyanto, W. (2015). Pengaruh Habitat Termodifikasi Perimeter Trap Crop Menggunakan Insectary Plant pada Lahan Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L), terhadap Komunitas Arthropoda Musuh Alam.Thesis. surabaya: Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam .
Zhang et al. (2013). Arthropoda Biodiversity and Community Structures Of Organic Rice Ecosystems In Guangdong Province. China. Florida Entomologist, 96(1), 1–9.
Published
2021-11-23
How to Cite
Wijayanti, A., Windriyanti, W., & Rahmadhini, N. (2021). PERAN REFUGIA SEBAGAI MEDIA KONSERVASI ARTHROPODA DI LAHAN PADI DESA DELIKSUMBER . VIABEL: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 15(2), 99-114. https://doi.org/10.35457/viabel.v15i2.1626
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