Jurnal Supremasi is a scientific journal of law published by the Faculty of Law, Balitar Islamic University, Blitar which is intended as a medium for disseminating various scientific findings and research in the field of Law to the public. This journal is published two times a year in March and September. It contains reviews based on research results, conceptual ideas, studies, and application of theories in the field of law. Jurnal Supremasi was published for the first time in 2016.
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Balitar
MILLENNIAL CUSTODY OF HADHANAH CHILDREN OF PLANDIREJO BAKUNG BLITAR ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW PERSPECTIVE
An archetype is a model or initial pattern that becomes the basis for the formation and development of new things; a prototype, unique characteristics, or actions that reflect universal patterns such as human nature. Parenting is a method or system of nurturing, caring for, educating, and guiding children from birth to adulthood so that they become moral and disciplined individuals. The hadhanah archetype refers to efforts to educate, nurture, and care for children until they are adults and independent. This study seeks to understand the hadhanah model/archetype of children in Plandirejo Village, Bakung, Blitar. The research findings will be analyzed from an IPR perspective. This study uses an empirical method. The results show: Childcare practices in Plandirejo Village are considered ineffective because many parents work as migrant workers, and 85% of foster parents use gadgets in caring for their children. This is caused by the habit of introducing toys through cellphones/devices from an early age, as well as easy access to entertainment to overcome children's fussiness. As a result, children tend to be less social with their surroundings and less interested in religious activities.
Children, Archetypes, Hadhanah, Islamic Family Law
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Supremasi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE CUSTOMARY RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE WITH OTHER COUNTRIES
Abstract This research comprehensively analyzes the legal protection of Indigenous Communal Land Rights (Hak Ulayat) in Indonesia and compares it with implementation mechanisms in Malaysia and Australia. The primary goal is to formulate an ideal institutional model for protecting Hak Ulayat in Indonesia, drawing upon best practices from Australia. The approach used is normative juridical, primarily employing comparative legal analysis and statutory review. The findings indicate that while Indonesia formally recognizes Hak Ulayat (UUD 1945 and UUPA 1960), practical protection is hampered by overlapping regulations, conflicts of interest (state-corporate), and administrative weaknesses. Comparatively, Malaysia grants formal legal status (Native Customary Rights/NCR) but maintains dominant state control. In contrast, Australia, through the Native Title Act 1993, offers a system that is more structured, participatory, and provides stronger legal certainty. The conclusion asserts that Indonesia urgently requires regulatory and institutional reform. The ideal institutional model, achievable through comparative learning, must involve an independent body that synergizes with the formal institution (BPN) to ensure more effective, just, and transparent protection of Indigenous Communal Land Rights.
Hak Ulayat, Protection of Indigenous Rights, Comparative Law
DUALIZATION OF SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY FOR SAVINGS AND LOAN COOPERATIVES (KSP) BETWEEN THE MINISTRY OF COOPERATIVES AND SMES AND THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY (OJK)
This study juridically analyzes the dualism of supervisory authority over Savings and Loan Cooperatives (KSP) between the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs and the Financial Services Authority (OJK). Using a normative legal method, the research identifies regulatory ambiguity and overlap concerning licensing, guidance, and sanctions. The findings indicate that inconsistencies in legislation create supervisory gaps, which can harm KSP members. Therefore, this study recommends a revision and harmonization of regulations to clarify the authority of both institutions. New policies should be based on the characteristics of cooperatives as member-based, family-oriented entities to ensure optimal protection for their members. Keywords: Dualism of Authority, Cooperative Supervision, OJK
INTEGRATION OF THERAPEUTIC CONTRACTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION IN MEDICAL SERVICES
The legal relationship between doctors and patients in medical practice is not merely ethical in nature but also establishes a contractual bond known as a therapeutic contract. Within the framework of civil law, this contract fulfills the elements of an agreement as regulated in Articles 1313 and 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Patients, as recipients of medical services, can be classified as consumers as defined under Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (UUPK). This study aims to analyze the construction of therapeutic contracts as service agreements in civil law, examine the legal status of patients as consumers, and formulate a model for strengthening legal protection for patients in healthcare services. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. The findings indicate that although therapeutic contracts are valid under civil law, in practice they still generate imbalances in the doctor–patient relationship, particularly in terms of information and medical decision-making. This research proposes an integrative model of legal protection through written medical contracts, harmonization of regulations between the Health Law and UUPK, expansion of the authority of the Consumer Dispute Settlement Body (BPSK), and enhancement of patients’ legal literacy. This model is expected to foster a more balanced and just legal relationship in healthcare services.
therapeutic contract, consumer protection, patient, health law
CIRCULAR LETTER OF THE MINISTER OF MANPOWER CONCERNING THE PROHIBITION ON STORING DIPLOMAS IN INDONESIAN POSITIVE LAW
The Minister of Manpower issued Circular Letter Number M/5/HK.04.00/V/2025 as a response to the rampant practice of employers (companies) withholding workers' diplomas/personal documents. The research was conducted to identify and analyze the status and binding force of the Circular Letter of the Minister of Manpower within the Indonesian legal system. This research employs a normative legal research method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that the Circular Letter is not classified as legislation or decisions. The Circular Letter is a policy rule issued based on the discretionary authority of the institution/government officials. The Circular Letter of the Minister of Manpower is only binding on the institutions/government officials addressed (Governors, Regency/City Heads, and other stakeholders). The Circular Letter of the Minister of Manpower cannot generally bind, thus, the circular letter serves as an announcement or notification for employers. The Circular Letter of the Minister of Manpower is issued as a legal correction regarding the withholding of diplomas that is not explicitly regulated in the Manpower Law. To strengthen the content of the Minister of Manpower's Circular Letter, it can be achieved by issuing a Ministerial Regulation or making amendments to the Manpower Law.
Circular Letter, Policy Regulations, Discretion.
SEXUAL VIOLENCE CRIMINAL LAW REFORM FROM THE KUHP TO VICTIMS' JUSTICE
This article examines the transformation of Indonesia’s criminal justice approach to sexual violence, shifting from retributive justice in the Criminal Code (KUHP) toward substantive justice that prioritizes victim protection through Law No. 12 of 2022 on Sexual Violence Crimes (UU TPKS). The core issue lies in fragmented regulations, narrow legal definitions, and limited support mechanisms for victims. Employing a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and theoretical approaches, this study explores the paradigm shift in criminal law. Findings indicate that UU TPKS reflects principles of responsive law, progressive legal thought, and victim-oriented legal politics through holistic mechanisms for protection and recovery. However, gaps in implementation persist due to institutional limitations and entrenched legal formalism. Recommendations include regulatory harmonization, trauma-informed training for law enforcement, and strengthened recovery infrastructure to ensure that substantive justice for victims is meaningfully realized.
Victim-centered justice, Sexual Violence, Responsive Law
STRENGTHENING PRE-DIVORCE CONSULTATION INSTITUTIONS AS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE TO REDUCE DIVORCE RATES IN INDONESIA
Mediation in household disputes conducted within the court system is often ineffective because it occurs at a stage of high conflict. To strengthen preventive efforts, there is an urgent need to regulate and mandate a pre-divorce consultation stage before filing a lawsuit, considering that currently no specific legal provisions govern this procedure. This study employs a normative method with a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the urgency of such regulation and to analyze its impact on increasing mediation effectiveness. The findings indicate that early mediation through pre-litigation consultation outside the court offers solutions that are more flexible, economical, and participatory. Successful implementation, however, requires adequate legal regulation and inter-agency support. Therefore, this research recommends strengthening the mediation system through the regulation of pre-divorce consultation institutions as the main strategy for the preventive resolution of household disputes in Indonesia.
THE PROBLEM OF REPLACING REGIONAL HEAD CANDIDATES WHO DIE BEFORE VOTING DAY
This study aims to analyze the legal problems concerning the replacement of a candidate pair or one of the candidates for regional head who passes away within 30 and 29 days prior to election day. This research employs a normative juridical method through statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings demonstrate that the death of a candidate pair or one of the candidates for regional head, occurring with a one-day difference between 30 and 29 days before election day, results in the loss of the right of political parties or coalitions to nominate a replacement candidate. Therefore, it is necessary to amend Article 54 of Law No. 10 of 2016 to establish a single deadline for the nomination of replacement candidates, in order to ensure legal certainty and the continuity of regional head elections.
Candidate Pair, Death, Regional Head Candidate, Replacement
Copyright (c) 2015 Jurnal Supremasi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
POLITICAL FRAGMENTATION AND PARTY REPOSITIONING IN THE SEARCH FOR THE IDEAL FORMAT POST-REFORM
The Indonesian party system post-reform is expected to become a pillar of substantive democracy; however, in practice, it faces various serious problems such as extreme multi-party fragmentation, elite oligarchic domination, ideological erosion, and weak internal democracy. As a result, political parties fail to perform their functions of representation, political education, and cadre development, leading to a legitimacy crisis and weakening government effectiveness. Although various studies have identified these issues, there remains a gap in formulating a new comprehensive party system format that not only addresses structural and ideological problems but is also compatible with Indonesia's presidential system. This research aims to examine the dynamics and challenges of political parties post-reform and to formulate an ideal party system format that aligns with the principles of substantive democracy. Through a qualitative-descriptive approach and literature study, the research findings indicate that institutional reform, ideological strengthening, funding transparency, and internal party democratization are the main prerequisites. Thus, the party system can be repositioned as the foundation of democracy, rather than merely an elite power struggle tool.
Party System, Political Parties, Reform, Oligarchy, Internal Democracy.
AGRARIAN REFORM: LEGAL CHALLENGES IN TRANSMIGRATION LAND LEGALIZATION
This research examines various challenges related to the legalization and redistribution of transmigration land, using a normative juridical approach and secondary data. The research results show that the transmigration program, although based on strong laws and continuously being updated, only succeeded in achieving 23.14% of the set land area target, namely 138,834.72 hectares from the target of 0.6 million hectares. Several problems hinder this process, such as transfers and sales, illegal transfers, disputes with the business world, disputes between government agencies, overlapping claims on forest areas, and a lack of accurate legal and spatial data. This complexity causes legal uncertainty regarding transmigration land, thereby creating obstacles to land ownership. To overcome this problem, a multi-faceted strategy is needed that includes establishing a clearer legal framework, investing in infrastructure to speed up land registration, strengthening cooperation between institutions, increasing transparency in land administration, and increasing public awareness through education and empowerment. These strategic steps are important to ensure legal certainty, protect the rights of transmigrants, and support broader goals, namely fair land distribution and regional development.
Land Registration, Agrarian Reform, Transmigration Land
Pendekatan Hermeneutika Hukum: Metode Interpretasi untuk Memahami Makna Hukum Secara Holistik
Hermeneutika hukum merupakan cabang filsafat hukum yang berperan penting dalam memahami dan menafsirkan teks hukum secara holistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hermeneutika hukum sebagai sintesis antara filsafat ilmu, filsafat hukum, dan metode interpretasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode doktrinal dengan pendekatan konseptual dan historis untuk menggali esensi dan perkembangan hermeneutika hukum. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa hermeneutika hukum adalah metode filosofis yang memadukan pemahaman antara teks, konteks, dan kontekstualisasi. Metode ini tidak hanya berfungsi menjelaskan aturan hukum yang kabur tetapi juga menyingkap hakikat dari aturan tersebut. Implikasinya, hermeneutika hukum mendorong pengembangan cara pandang yang lebih komprehensif terhadap hukum, melampaui sekadar pemahaman literal menuju penafsiran yang relevan dengan dinamika sosial dan nilai-nilai keadilan.
Sumbangsih Roscoe Pound terhadap Perkembangan Ilmu Hukum Sosiologis
Roscoe Pound memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pengembangan sosiologi hukum melalui konsep law as a tool of social engineering. Pemikirannya menekankan bahwa hukum tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai aturan normatif, tetapi juga sebagai instrumen yang mampu mengatur dan menyeimbangkan kepentingan individu dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemikiran Pound serta implikasinya dalam sistem hukum kontemporer. Dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan pendekatan normatif, penelitian ini mengkaji enam pedoman utama dalam ilmu hukum sosiologis yang dikembangkan oleh Pound, termasuk peran hukum dalam kontrol sosial dan efektivitasnya dalam penegakan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum dapat berfungsi sebagai alat rekayasa sosial yang adaptif, dengan syarat adanya kebijakan hukum yang responsif terhadap perubahan sosial dan kebutuhan masyarakat. Implikasi dari kajian ini menegaskan bahwa hukum harus dirancang secara dinamis agar dapat menciptakan keseimbangan dan harmoni dalam mengelola konflik kepentingan individu, sehingga mampu mewujudkan keadilan sosial yang lebih inklusif.
Kewenangan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup melalui Pengembangan Kawasan Geopark
Perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup merupakan tanggung jawab bersama yang dijamin oleh konstitusi melalui pelaksanaan otonomi daerah. Otonomi ini memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengintegrasikan perlindungan lingkungan dengan pembangunan ekonomi berkelanjutan, salah satunya melalui pengembangan kawasan geopark. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kewenangan pemerintah daerah dalam perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup serta mengevaluasi penerapan konsep geopark sebagai upaya integratif untuk melindungi sumber daya alam. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi kajian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan analisis konsep geopark. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan geopark mampu mengintegrasikan aspek perlindungan, pendidikan, dan pembangunan ekonomi melalui kebijakan lintas sektor dan kolaborasi multipihak. Namun, tantangan berupa rendahnya partisipasi pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat masih menghambat optimalisasi pengelolaan geopark. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya penyusunan regulasi yang mendukung pengembangan geopark serta penguatan kolaborasi antara pemerintah daerah, masyarakat, dan mitra lainnya untuk mencapai keberlanjutan lingkungan dan kesejahteraan rakyat.
Peran Pemerintah Desa dalam Mencegah Perceraian: Perspektif ‘Urf
Fenomena perceraian merupakan isu yang terus meningkat meskipun pernikahan memiliki nilai sakral. Di Desa Sawentar, Kecamatan Kanigoro, peran pemerintah desa melalui Kepala Desa dan perangkatnya menjadi kunci dalam mencegah perceraian. Upaya preventif ini memanfaatkan budaya mediasi yang telah menjadi tradisi masyarakat setempat, sesuai dengan konsep ‘urf. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana peran pemerintah desa dalam memfasilitasi mediasi rumah tangga yang bermasalah dan mencegah perceraian. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode penelitian lapangan, data diperoleh dari wawancara dengan pasangan yang mengalami konflik rumah tangga, perangkat desa, dan Kepala Desa. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa budaya mediasi berbasis ‘urf berkontribusi signifikan dalam mencegah perceraian dan membangun keharmonisan keluarga. Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya peran pemerintah desa sebagai mediator dalam penguatan ketahanan keluarga melalui pendekatan berbasis nilai lokal.
Analisis Yuridis Kasus Card Trapping pada Nasabah BNI dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah BNI apabila terjadinya tindak card trapping yang menyebabkan kerugian. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif. Dalam penelitian hukum normatif berdasar pada hukum primer dan hukum sekunder, maksudnya ialah penelitian yang berkaitan dengan norma dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian yaitu perlindungan hukum terhadap kasus card trapping yang mengakibatkan kerugian bagi nasabah bank ini tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK) yang dapat dijadikan dasar hukum atas perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah selaku konsumen. Selain itu juga terdapat regulasi dari lembaga-lembaga perbankan yang memiliki kebijakan dalam mengatur secara spesifik mengenai perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen sektor jasa keuangan. Pada kasus card trapping yang terjadi pada Agus Wandira yang telah dirugikan atas tindakan yang dilakukan oleh lembaga perbankan berhak mendapatkan perlindungan hukum untuk mempertahankan hak-haknya. Pasal 4 Undang- Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK) menyatakan bahwa konsumen berhak atas kenyamanan, keamanan, dan keselamatan dalam mengkonsumsi barang dan/atau jasa dan juga hak untuk mendapatkan kompensasi, ganti rugi dan/atau penggantian apabila barang dan/atau jasa yang diterima tidak sesuai dengan perjanjian atau tidak sebagaimana mestinya.
Perbandingan Bentuk Badan Hukum Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Sektor Jasa Keuangan di Indonesia dan Singapura
Penelitian ini dilakukan guna mengetahui perbandingan bentuk badan hukum pada lembaga alternatif penyelesaian sengketa sektor jasa keuangan di Indonesia dan Singapura. Pemilihan bentuk badan hukum yang menjadi underlying kegiatan lembaga tersebut akan menentukan entitas hukum dan arah kegiatan lembaga agar berjalan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Penelitian ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis kualitatif untuk mengkaji topik yang dibahas. Walaupun berbeda secara istilah, dan di Indonesia mengenal istilah Company sebagai eksistensi suatu perusahaan yang tunduk pada Undang-undang Perseroan Terbatas, namun karakteristik yang dimiliki ternyata memiliki beberapa kesamaan. Hal ini dikarenakan badan usaha maupun badan hukum di Singapura tunduk pada Companies Act 1967. Perkumpulan berbadan hukum oleh Singapura dianggap sebagai Asosiasi berbadan hukum yang tunduk pada Association Incorporated Act 1981 dan memiliki beberapa perbedaan karakteristik. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedudukan badan hukum Perkumpulan di Indonesia berbeda dengan Public Company Limited by Guarantee di Singapura.
Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa
Analisis Yuridis Perlindungan Hukum bagi Korban Pelecehan Seksual dan Implementasinya di Kota Batam
Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak merupakan masalah serius yang berdampak jangka panjang bagi korban. Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak korban pelecehan seksual di Indonesia membutuhkan perhatian karena implementasi regulasi yang ada belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan perlindungan hukum bagi anak korban pelecehan seksual di Kota Batam dan mengevaluasi apakah perlindungan hukum tersebut memberikan rasa keadilan. Menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kasus, perundang-undangan, dan konseptual, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa meskipun regulasi seperti Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak dan Perda Kota Batam sudah kuat, implementasinya menghadapi kendala, seperti minimnya anggaran, proses penyidikan yang sulit, dan kurangnya dukungan psikososial. Putusan pengadilan yang memberikan hukuman 12 tahun penjara kepada pelaku belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan keadilan bagi korban. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan anggaran, peran aktif KPPAD, serta dukungan psikososial untuk memastikan perlindungan yang lebih baik bagi korban.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Anak Korban Penyalahgunaan Narkotika dalam Perspektif Hukum Perlindungan Anak
Penelitian ini membahas faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan penyalahgunaan narkoba dan perlindungan hukum bagi anak yang menjadi korban penyalahgunaan narkotika dalam perspektif hukum perlindungan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab penyalahgunaan narkoba serta mengevaluasi efektivitas implementasi Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA) dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak (UUPA) dalam memberikan perlindungan yang memadai melalui rehabilitasi medis dan sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur dan analisis yuridis normatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan terkait serta studi kasus implementasi di berbagai wilayah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor penyalahgunaan narkoba meliputi faktor pribadi, kekeluargaan, lingkungan, dan pendidikan. Meskipun kerangka hukum yang ada sudah kuat, implementasinya masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan seperti interpretasi yang tidak konsisten dan pelaksanaan yang bervariasi. Rehabilitasi medis dan sosial terbukti penting dalam memulihkan kesehatan dan fungsi sosial anak. Untuk meningkatkan efektivitas perlindungan hukum, diperlukan upaya konsistensi dalam penerapan regulasi, penguatan program rehabilitasi, serta peningkatan edukasi dan kampanye publik. Monitoring dan evaluasi yang efektif, pendekatan berbasis keluarga dan komunitas, serta perluasan layanan bantuan hukum juga sangat penting. Dengan strategi-strategi ini, perlindungan hukum bagi anak korban penyalahgunaan narkotika dapat lebih efektif, memberikan kesempatan bagi anak-anak untuk pulih dan berkembang dalam lingkungan yang mendukung.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi dalam Tindak Pidana Kepabeanan di Indonesia
Penelitian ini membahas pengaturan pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi dalam tindak pidana kepabeanan di Indonesia. Dengan metode yuridis normatif dan pendekatan konseptual, penelitian ini mengkaji efektivitas Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2006 dalam menetapkan mekanisme pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi. Analisis terhadap putusan pengadilan dan perbandingan dengan praktik di negara lain digunakan sebagai tolok ukur konkret. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana dapat dibebankan kepada pengurus, korporasi, atau keduanya, bergantung pada sistem kepatuhan dan budaya korporasi. Reformulasi hukum diperlukan untuk mencegah bias dalam penegakan hukum kepabeanan serta meningkatkan kepastian hukum.
Kebijakan Sanksi Pidana Pembunuhan dalam KUHP dengan Hukum Islam dalam Rangka Pembaharuan Hukum
Penelitian ini mengkaji kebijakan sanksi pidana pembunuhan dalam KUHP Indonesia dan hukum Islam, dengan fokus pada pembaharuan hukum pidana nasional. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengidentifikasi perbandingan kebijakan sanksi antara pidana dan hukum Islam, serta memahami mengenai sistem sanksi pidana pembunuhan dalam hukum Islam dapat berkontribusi pada pembaharuan hukum nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, menganalisis data primer berupa KUHP dan peraturan perundang-undangan, serta data sekunder berupa jurnal dan pendapat para ahli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan dan kesamaan dalam kebijakan sanksi, KUHP mengancam pidana penjara hingga hukuman mati sedangkan hukum Islam menerapkan qishas dan diyat sebagai sanksi utama. Penelitian ini ini menyoroti potensi pembaharuan hukum pidana nasional dengan mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam.
Pengaturan Akad Mukhabarah bil Mudharabah dalam Kerja Sama Pertanian Tebu di Indonesia Perspektif Epistemologi
The mukhabarah bil mudharabah contract originates from a combination of two contracts, namely the mukhabarah contract and the mudharabah contract which are combined into one in the sugar cane farming partnership model. The formation of this contract is a new thing that is used as an effort to increase national sugar production by forming fair cooperation based on sharia contracts, however, the concept related to mukhabarah bil mudharabah contracts has not been concretely accommodated in statutory regulations, so this research aims to examine the regulation of mukhabarah bil mudharabah contracts in sugar cane farming partnership based on an epistemogical perspective. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach. The theory used is stufenbau theory. The results of this research indicate that at the meta-norm and grundnorm level there is already a legal basis for regulation regarding mukhabarah bil mudharabah contracts. The legal basis for regulating these contracts is also found at the level of Staatsfundamentalnorm norms and the level of Staatsgrundgezets norms, namely in the basic state regulations contained in Article 29 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, but at the next level there are only regulations regarding mudharabah contracts, while the mukhabarah contract has not been specifically regulated in the statutory regulations or other regulations below it.
Analisa Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Pemalsuan Merek Produk Gula di Daerah Banyumas
The growth of the goods and services industry provides positive impacts and alternative choices for consumers, but counterfeit products can threaten the health and cause long-term losses. This is due to the existence of business actors who seek profits by using shortcuts that aim to profit from the products they sell, trying to gain profits by unethical means, such as selling counterfeit products. This research aims to protect consumers from counterfeit products and examine legal efforts to make business actors responsible for losses. The results of the research using normative research methods show that business actors must be responsible for harming consumers, legal sanctions for fraudulent actors include imprisonment of up to 5 years or a fine of up to Rp 2 billion.
Measuring the Potential Involvement of Conventional Commercial Banks with Foreign Ownership in Increasing the Capital Capacity of MSMEs
The presence of conventional commercial banks with foreign ownership in Indonesia introduces a new dynamic in the national banking structure, with significant implications for the financing of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study explores the potential involvement of these banks in enhancing the capital capacity of MSMEs, a sector traditionally dominated by the Himbara banks. Using normative legal research methods with doctrinal and comparative approaches, this study aims to identify the urgency and procedures for the involvement of conventional commercial banks with foreign ownership in MSME financing. The findings reveal that such involvement could create a mutually beneficial relationship, where MSMEs gain access to more diverse funding options, while these banks expand their customer base. These implications highlight the potential for strengthening MSME capital structures and contributing positively to the national economy.
Analisis Putusan KPPU yang Melampaui Kewenangan Berdasarkan UU Larangan Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha
This study highlights the importance of consistency in the application of KPPU's authority in accordance with the Anti-Monopoly and Unfair Business Competition Law. There is a research gap regarding the alignment of KPPU's sanctioning authority, particularly in Decision Number 17/KPPU-I/2018. The study aims to analyze the sanctioning authority of KPPU and its compliance with Law Number 5 of 1999. A normative juridical method is used to examine the decision and relevant laws, focusing on the limits of KPPU's authority. The key findings indicate that KPPU's Decision Number 17/KPPU-I/2018 exceeds the authority stipulated by the law, especially in imposing administrative measures on business actors violating Article 22. The implication is that KPPU must adhere to its authorized limits to ensure the effectiveness of competition law enforcement in Indonesia.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Perlindungan Data Pribadi Melalui Arbitrase di Era Society 5.0
The advancement of technology in the Society 5.0 era has led to the negative impact of personal data breaches, causing significant losses in the business sector due to the critical role of personal data. However, research on dispute resolution methods for personal data protection remains limited. This study aims to analyze the legal protection of consumer personal data and the methods of dispute resolution available in cases of personal data protection disputes. Using a normative legal research method, the study finds that the government has enacted the Personal Data Protection Law as a form of preventive and repressive protection. Additionally, the law provides the parties with the option to resolve disputes through arbitration. These findings demonstrate legal certainty in personal data protection in Indonesia, with implications for the business sector in utilizing more flexible dispute resolution mechanisms.
Legal Protection Concerning Children Facing Economic Exploitation in Batam City
The arbitrary economic exploitation of children by parents and other interested parties requires immediate attention. Batam City, located in the Riau Archipelago, is known for its innovation and low crime rates, primarily due to its focus on foreign relations. However, despite these positive aspects, the economic exploitation of children remains a significant issue, with economic factors playing a crucial role. This study aims to investigate the legal protection of children as victims of economic exploitation in Batam City using an empirical legal research method. This approach involves analyzing and examining the functioning of law within society, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources. The objective is to analyze legal protection for children as victims of economic exploitation from the perspectives of justice, utility, and legal certainty. The findings confirm that legal regulations concerning the protection of children from economic exploitation are clearly stipulated in the law. Various legal protection measures are available for children who fall victim to exploitation. However, enhancing parental awareness is essential to ensure consistent attention to the rights and obligations owed to their children.
Urgensi Transformative Justice dalam Penanganan Perkara Anak Sebagai Upaya Pembaharuan Hukum Indonesia
This study examines the urgency of transformative justice in handling juvenile cases as part of legal reform in Indonesia. The research employs normative legal methods with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The importance of this research lies in identifying the need to expand the concept of restorative justice, which focuses solely on the offender and victim, towards transformative justice that also considers social, political, economic, and cultural aspects. The findings reveal that transformative justice offers a new alternative in the juvenile criminal justice system by not only focusing on the severity of the offense but also considering the personal circumstances of the child, including social status and family conditions. The implications of this concept show that transformative justice supports the more comprehensive development of children and serves as a more holistic approach to recovery in handling juvenile cases.
Efektivitas Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Korupsi oleh Jaksa Selaku Penyidik dan Penuntut Umum (Studi Pada Kejaksaan Negeri Kepulauan Morotai)
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of prosecutors at the Kepulauan Morotai District Attorney's Office as investigators and public prosecutors in handling corruption cases, as well as to identify the challenges faced during the process. The research employs a normative juridical-empirical method with a sociological law approach, combining secondary data from legal regulations with primary data from field observations. The findings indicate that the Kepulauan Morotai District Attorney's Office has effectively carried out its duties and authorities, as evidenced by its achievements in handling corruption cases from 2020 to 2022. However, several juridical and non-juridical obstacles hinder the resolution of cases. The study implies that further efforts are needed to address these challenges in order to enhance the performance of the District Attorney's Office in the future.
A Model of Legal Protection for Justice Collaborators and Whistleblowers in Corruption Crimes
This article focuses on analyzing and developing the legal protection concept for justice collaborators and whistleblowers in corruption cases. The urgency of this research lies in the fact that protection for these key figures in crime disclosure remains insufficient. The study identifies legal gaps in the current regulations concerning their protection. Employing statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches, the research reveals that the existing framework for justice collaborators and whistleblowers still faces legal challenges. The findings recommend a more comprehensive protection system, not only during legal proceedings but also after the sentencing. Rewards for their cooperation could include immunity from prosecution or lighter penalties, such as probationary sentencing. The implications of this study highlight the necessity for regulatory reform to enhance legal protection for both justice collaborators and whistleblowers.
Implikasi Hukum Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja terhadap Perlindungan Hak Pekerja Pasca Pailit
The rapid development of the modern economic sector has intensified competition among companies, consequently increasing the risk of insolvency. This study focuses on the amendments to labor law provisions following the enactment of the Omnibus Law and their impact on the protection of workers' rights after a bankruptcy ruling. There is a gap in understanding the effects of these regulatory changes on workers' rights, particularly in the context of termination of employment due to insolvency. The objective of this research is to analyze the impact of these legal changes on the protection of workers' rights. The methodology used is normative legal research with a legislative approach. The findings indicate significant changes in workers' rights regarding termination due to insolvency. The implications of the Omnibus Law reveal diverse impacts on workers' rights, both positive and negative. This study emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding and adjustments to new regulations to protect workers' rights in Indonesia. The results of this research are expected to provide insights and recommendations for policymakers and legal practitioners in addressing the challenges arising from changes in labor regulations.